Lens constants should be updated whenever there is a change in the intraocular (IOL) type, material, biometer, or surgeon, and once established, should be routinely fine-tuned for optimal results. The significant enhancement of refractive outcomes largely relies on the crucial process of lens constants optimization. Before embarking on any study that explores the accuracy of […]

This page aims to demystify the concept of “principal planes,” which often appear to be quite “esoteric” to non-specialists. In a thick lens system, the principal planes are two hypothetical planes at which all the refraction can be considered to happen. They are used to establish a paraxial simplified model, making it possible to predict […]

This page is dedicated to a new intraocular lens (IOL) power formula named PEARL-DGS, which has been developed using optical and machine learning modeling. PEARL stands for Prediction Enhanced by ARtificial Intelligence and output Linearization. DGS named after the formula developers: Debellemanière, Gatinel, and Saad. The PEARL-DGS formula is available online HERE   Introduction Cataracts […]